In 1866, a great scientist named Gregor Mendal published his finding fro a pea plant experiment. Based on the experiment, Mendal found out the dominant and recessive heredity. Mendel cross-pollinated smooth yellow pea plants with wrinkly green peas. Every single pea in the first generation crop was as yellow and as round as was the yellow, round parent. Mendel learned from this that there are two kinds of traits - dominant and recessive. The dominant traits are the yellow color and the round shape since they show up at the expense of the green color and the wrinkly shape.
http://www.tutorvista.com/biology/gregor-mendel-pea-plant-experiment
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